Law and Policy Database

The Law on International Commercial Arbitration provides a framework for arbitration as a means of resolving disputes arising from all relations of a commercial nature, by agreement of the parties.

The 2020 Guidelines was issued in light of the amendments to the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure.

The Guidelines govern the operations and reporting obligations of Virtual Asset Providers in the Philippines to ensure that the Virtual Asset systems shall not be misused for purposes of money laundering, terrorist financing and proliferation financing activities.

The Amended Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) Law of Uzbekistan is intended to address gaps in the 2019 PPP Law. It establishes the PPP Development Agency which is tasked to implement PPP government policy. It provides, among others, for the selection of the private partner through tender results or direct negotiation, the rights and obligations of the parties to the PPP agreement, and the payment of a success fee.

The Resolution prescribed the rules of procedure which shall apply to all proceedings within the jurisdiction of the Energy Regulatory Commission when the latter is required to hold a hearing or afford the parties an opportunity to be heard prior to rendering a decision.

The Guideline issued by the Attorney General's Office serves as reference for state prosecutors in the prosecution of criminal cases involving women and children in conflict with the law to ensure that they have equal access to justice.

The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Domestic Violence Against Women (Prevention and Protection) Act provides for the prevention of domestic violence against women to protect them from sexual abuse, psychological abuse, economic abuse and stalking.

Petitioner was convicted by the lower courts of violation of the Anti-Violence Against Women and Children by causing psychological violence through mental or emotional anguish, public ridicule or humiliation to his wife and his children. Petitioner appealed his conviction, alleging that the offense charged was not proven with moral certainty.

The case involves a complaint for an alleged rape where the complainant, who was then traveling with a male companion, was intercepted on the roadway by the perpetrators, taken off-road and raped. The accused suggested, during cross-examination of the complainant, that the complainant was immoral and had an illicit relationship with her traveling companion. However, the court said that the questions targeting her character had no relevance to the matter on trial, i.e., the commission of rape on her. The court also addressed the "two-finger test" or "virginity test" supposedly to determine the sexual history of a victim, on the assumption that a sexually active woman is not credible and is more likely to have consented to the act. The court said that the two-finger test has no bearing on a case of sexual violence. The condition of the hymen is likewise irrelevant. According to the court, dragging the sexual history of the rape survivor into the case by making observations such as "the vagina admits two fingers easily" or "old ruptured hymen" is an affront to the reputation and honor of the rape survivor and violates the constitution which mandates that no action detrimental to the body and reputation of a person shall be taken except under law. Moreover, the constitution mandates that dignity shall be inviolable, therefore, reporting the sexual history of a rape survivor amounts to discrediting her independence, identity and autonomy, and free choice, thereby degrading her human worth and offending her constitutional right to dignity. A woman, whatever her sexual character or reputation may be, is entitled to equal protection of the law,

The Law on Public Private Partnership of Vietnam establishes a framework for public private partnership (PPP) investment activities. It provides for the five sectors where PPP is allowed, as well as the PPP contract types. It also provides for the required minimum total investment, as well as the mechanism for sharing revenue surplus and shortfall.