First Nationally Determined Contributions, 2016 (People's Republic of China)

The First Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), at the outset, notes that in 2009, PRC has announced internationally that by 2020, it will lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) by 40% to 45% from the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to about 15% and increase the forested area by 40 million hectares and the forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters compared to the 2005 levels. 

Based on its circumstances, PRC has nationally determined its actions by 2030 as follows: 

• to achieve the peaking of carbon dioxide emissions around 2030 and making best efforts to peak early;
• to lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 60% to 65% from the 2005 level; 
• to increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 20%; and 
• to increase the forest stock volume by around 4.5 billion cubic meters on the 2005 level. 

Moreover, PRC will continue to proactively adapt to climate change by enhancing mechanisms and capacities to effectively defend against climate change risks in key areas such as agriculture, forestry and water resources, as well as in cities, coastal and ecologically vulnerable areas, and to progressively strengthen early warning and emergency response systems and disaster prevention and reduction mechanisms. The NDC further identifies national and regional strategies to implement its climate change action.