The Constitution of The Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
The fundamental law defines the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam as an independent, sovereign and united country. It declares that the Communist Party of Viet Nam is the leading force of the State and society. The constitution recognizes human rights and citizens' fundamental rights including:
- The right to equality,
- Right to life,
- Right to health,
- Honor and dignity,
- Freedom from unjustified arrest and detention,
- Privacy,
- Secrecy of correspondence,
- Right to domicile,
- Freedom of movement and residence,
- Freedom of belief and religion,
- Freedom of opinion and speech,
- Freedom of the press,
- Freedom of information,
- Right to vote,
- Right to petition,
- Rights of the accused in a criminal proceeding,
- Right to property,
- Freedom of occupation,
- Right to marry and divorce,
- Right to health care, and
- Right to live in clean environment.
The constitution likewise provides the fundamental duties of citizens including the duty to protect the environment, duty to obey the constitution and the law, and duty to pay taxes. The constitution also contains provisions on economy, society, culture, education, science, technology and environment, and defense of the fatherland. The National Assembly is the highest representative organ of the people and the highest organ of State power of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. The Government is the executive organ of the National Assembly, exercises the executive power, and is the highest organ of State administration of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. The President is the Head of State and represents the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam internally and externally. The Prime Minister is the head of the Government, is accountable before the National Assembly on the activities of the Government and assigned duties. The people’s courts are the judicial organ of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, exercising the judicial power.