The report assesses Afghanistan’s current status, challenges, and prospects for inclusive and sustainable growth. It notes that Afghanistan's environment is under great pressure due to population growth, among others. Unfortunately, it is also highly at risk to climate change due to vulnerability and low adaptive capacity.

The principle of sustainable development has evolved to occupy centrality in environmental jurisprudence in India. The Supreme Court has reiterated its importance in the country’s environmental legal regime. However, the jurisprudence has been criticised for framing it as a zero sum game where economic development has been repeatedly used as a justification to trump environmental violations, and therefore, rendering it as only declaratory and lacking in content and sufficient teeth to shape public action.